Will I need to pay any more using my Haruka return ticket? You are asking about an airport-bound ticket in a roundtrip ICOCA & HARUKA package, right?
When you do not use a reserved seat, you can take a JR Ltd. Express "Haruka" (not "Haruku") train to Kansai-airport Station just with this ticket (unless it is expired).
When you use a reserved seat, this ticket can cover the basic fare only, so a Ltd. Express charge for a reserved-seat ride (1290 to 1690 yen for Ordinary Class, depending on days) is required.
Do you know if I just show this pass to the gate agent or do I swipe this pass at the ticket gate? Well, from this image, a ticket in this package seems to be a typical larger-sized magnetic-paper ticket, which you can put into a gate machine via a slot.
http://www.westjr.co.jp/global/en/travel-information/pass/icoca-haruka...If you have reserved your seat, you can put this ticket and the reserved-seat ticket together into a gate machine.
Please make sure to use a JR-West gate (e.g. Central Gate) in Kyoto Station.
(The Shinkansen zone of Kyoto Station is managed by JR-Central.)
how many seats or passenger cars they set aside for unreserved seats. That depends on trains. Roughly speaking, 2 or 3 cars of 6 or 9 cars of a "Haruka" train are for passengers without seat reservation.
One or two "Haruka" trains run per hour in each direction. Unless you travel during a busy time or stick to one or a few specific trains, usually you have a chance to secure a seat, hopefully without reservation.
A JR Ltd. Express "Haruka" train is in either 6 or 9 cars. Car No. 1 is always a higher-class car.
Concerning airport-bound "Haruka" trains, 2 or 3 cars (Cars Nos. 5 - 6 or Cars Nos. 4 - 6) are for passengers without seat reservation.