It sounds ambitious but Kyushu has something that will satisfy almost everyone.
For Fukuoka, Nokonoshima is a nice half day outing and the Island Park, while it has a stiff admission price, is one of the most beautiful places to explore with stunning gardens and views.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H-RmFcmhs9cThere is far more to see and do of course. Ohori Park and Maizuru Park next door with the castle ruins makes a nice stroll.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vbdQUjljOywhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=968CH00PboYNanzoin is also a spectacular temple with a great Buddha about 20 minutes by train from Hakata Stn and a must-see place:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lT4VQFmHFyMFor a lot of other good info on what to see and do, have a look at:
http://www.thejapanfaq.com/fukpic.htmlhttps://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL7LcPcmoSg-j4RLa6iC7ayvBAbOn8-0...Look into a Fukuoka Tourist City Pass also:
http://yokanavi.com/access_tourist_egIn terms of history and varied points of interest, Nagasaki is really the most interesting city on the island. It is worth a couple days to see the city, and another day to see areas nearby like Shimabara/Unzen or whatever interests you. Gunkanjima, while it takes 3 hours, will blow your mind.
http://www.ngs-kenkanren.com/eng/http://www.at-nagasaki.jp/foreign/english/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QdWRyHGW3rkBe sure to see Mt. Inasa at night if the weather is clear, and try the Nagasaki chanpon and saraudon! Also the Koshibyo temple is an often overlooked shrine that is quite unique in Japan:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mu_JnkVInTUKumamoto is famous for its castle, Suizenji Garden (a must-see), Mt. Aso and Kurokawa hot springs.
http://www.visitkumamoto.com/http://www.pref.kumamoto.jp/english/pdf/kankou_e.pdfhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K9xyXmU8U1gThat said ASAIK the Aso crater is still closed.
http://www.kyusanko.co.jp/aso/lang_en/As an alternative, there's a beautiful botanical garden, Kujuhana Park just NE of Aso as well as Nabegadaki, a nice waterfall you can walk behind - it's NW of Oguni Town.
Kagoshima is great to see the live Sakurajima volcano, hiking, and hot sand baths such as on Ibusuki. For the volcano itself you can see a lot just exploring on foot, but there is also a one-hour fast paced bus tour that takes you to several places.
Plus the Senganen garden has a superb backdrop view of the bay and the volcano. See:
http://www.kagoshima-kankou.com/for/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LxDmLuq6ssIhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lpnDK_Wux9QFor comprehensive info on Kyushu, see:
http://www.visitkyushu.org