sneezes

What do Japanese people say when someone sneezes?

I observe that the sneezer typically apologizes with a sumimasen.

I've never heard anyone say anything close to "bless you" when someone else sneezes. It doesn't appear to be Japanese custom.

I heard that goes back to the Black Plague in Europe, so they may not have 'inherited' that custom.

The whole point is that you are not supposed to draw attention to someone else's sneeze, so "blessing" them or whatever foreigners do just makes us and everyone else more embarrassed and is not particularly appreciated.

Only some sneezers say "sumimasen" or "shiturei", as Uji said.

Ah, and some elderly men revile "(kon-)chikushou!" or something.
Some explain that abuse is to revile the cold god,
tough I doubt that they revile on purpose...

What do Japanese people say when someone sneezes?

...meaning what do Japanese people say when someone else sneezes, right?

Nothing. Ignore.

I noticed that alot of people in Tokyo (especially men) didnt cover their mouths when they sneezed....

When you sneeze its hakushon.

When somebody else sneezes as said there's no bless you. Though there is a common saying that if you sneeze it means somebody is talking well of you, if you sneeze twice then somebody is talking ill of you, if you sneeze thrice then you're going to catch a cold. More than three times and you're just ill so its a comment to that effect.

the one who sneezes will normally excuse himself by saying 'sumimasen', and no one will say anything back