The job you are seeking is called "translator". You can either express it by saying you hope to "be a novel translator" or "be translating novels".
The hardest part, actually, is that novels are thick. Publishments consist of hundreds of pages. Even the short stories are collected into one before they ever get popular enough to be financed for foreign language translation.
I can't think of a professional who really does a whole book all by him/herself. You need helpers, and to have reliable helpers you need enough experience to find these talented people and manage them, which is extremely harder than others may imagine.
Nothing pays worse than E to J translation. People do it because they like it. I hear that J to E translation pays better, probably because there are less translators therefore less competetors.
But I would go ahead and say that, strangely, these very few J to E translators are much more skilled then many of the E to J translators, which might make it harder for J to E wannabes. But at the same time, I think J to E novel translation is a frontier field since J novels are just starting to become popular worldwide.
Typically, translators start by something related. For example by translating business material and advertising your skill for more poetic terms, or by working as a novel publisher and advertising your skill to translate. Something like that.
Another option is fan-sub. There will be no payment, but you will be quite free to make illegal translations of your favorite novels, and this is quite tolerated by publishers since it's different from piracy.
Also note that long-hour desk work such as being a translator or a novelist is really bad for your health. You need to consciously do excercise and try to talk to real people under the sun.
All this may sound negative, but the industry is always seeking talented people. Plus it's great to always have a goal and a dream in your mind. It's just that there are very few who don't give up.
The following "Getting Started as a Translator" article may also be helpful.
http://www.gally.net/translation/gettingstarted.htm