It really is up to your interests - you might go into more detail on what "outdoor activities and stuff" really means, plus your typical travel pace and if you want to go to many places, or see a few places in depth.
I'd suggest you get a 14 day JR Rail Pass which will easily pay off with such a long distance trip, and your last few days you can enjoy Tokyo.
You should do your own research on what you will finally use your time for. This site has a wealth of info, plus there is the JNTO page at www.jnto.go.jp and each major city has its own sightseeing page as well. So here are a few suggested places.
First, if you're landing in Oita, then seeing Beppu would be a logical first stop.
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL7LcPcmoSg-hOggZamc2lUNTr46ApKX...Nagasaki is really the most interesting city on Kyushu - well worth a couple of days, especially to see Gunkanjima which will take up 3 hours and going to Mt. Inasa at night if the weather is good for a spectacular night view.
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL7LcPcmoSg-gbw2yXNLK92siHyNqSNx...Fukuoka has a few very good places as well, worth a day and a half or so to see some places you won't forget.
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL7LcPcmoSg-j4RLa6iC7ayvBAbOn8-0...Yamaguchi is sadly one place often overlooked by many; the Akiyoshi Limestone Cave is a stunning 300 million year old wonder with huge caverns and underground river running through it.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DqIKC9S8TFQThe Akiyoshidai karst plateau above ground also has some excellent hiking. Farther northward is Iwakuni with its historical bridge and mountaintop castle.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0COOZXi66mMA stone's throw past that is Miyajima, one of Japan's biggest tourist draws, offering the Itsukushima Shrine and Daishoin Temple which should not be missed.
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL7LcPcmoSg-iCNZ6AdsKGUB-HPKNxP1...Then there is Hiroshima City, with many sites - the Peace Park/Museum, castle, Shukkeien Garden, Mitakidera temple, Okonomiyaki-mura, etc.
Further along there are a few good places that few go to see, but still offer something worthwhile. Onomichi has its temple tour, and wildly ornate Kosanji Temple.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=97Q5EjEOXI8Kurashiki has its famous canals preserved from centuries ago, and are quietly picturesque. Okayama has some good places as well - one of Japan's Top 3 Gardens, Korakuen, plus Okayama Castle, and the beautiful and often overlooked Handayama Garden.
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL7LcPcmoSg-g4NNTCayREGdGupetT13...Next, the Kansai area is probably where you should spend most of your time (maybe 4-6 nights) to explore Kyoto, Nara, Himeji, Koyasan, Kobe and Osaka.
From there, it's up to you - if you have time and want to see the older side of Japan, go see Kanazawa, Takayama, and Shirakawago. If not, you can get a similar but limited taste in Miyama, north of Kyoto City.
After that, Tokyo awaits. There are a dozen other places I could mention, but you've got enough to digest for now. Research more, and build up your itinerary.