Info on moving, I'm clueless.

I decided that i want to move to japan in about a year. I'm studying japanese vigorously to learn the language, but its complicated. I have found some websites that help people get jobs and find apartments, and have some questions about living in japan.
First. What do i need to move to japan from america?
I have never left the country, so this next one may sound stupid.
Whats a visa, and how do you get one?
Is there a minimum wage in japan, if so what is it.
I am currently 17, dropped out, getting my ged. What kind of jobs could i get?
I have a year of grocery store experience, register trained. Currently working at Subway.
I like small places, so should i get a one room or a roomate?
What would average, conservative living cost be?
What would be a good time to move there?
What would estimate commuting costs be?
If everything works out, how could i become a permanent resident?

I know i asked alot, and i appreciate any help everyone can give me. Thank you

First you need a Bachlor's degree to get a job, or 10 years experience in a career that a Japanese can't do.
Go to college is my advice.

Gale,

If you search through the forum archives here, you will find many posts from people in exactly the same situation as yourself. Basically, as an American citizen, you do not qualify for the Working Holiday Visa scheme, so without a university degree, your chances of getting a working visa are pretty much zero.
What are your options?
1. Visit Japan for a short period (up to 90 days) on a tourist visa to get a taste for the place
2. Go to university and get a degree
3. Come to Japan on a student visa (requires funds)
4. Marry a Japanese national, allowing you to get a spouse visa