Jorudan lists 150 destinations for Koyo in mid-October. I believe roughly half are related to driving courses.
https://sp.jorudan.co.jp/leaf/migoro_10b.html
I pick up some form them.
Nikko Irohazaka
https://sp.jorudan.co.jp/leaf/spot_54985.html
Nikko Lake Chuzenji
https://sp.jorudan.co.jp/leaf/spot_54983.html
Both are easy by bus from JR/Tobu Nikko station to Lake Chuzenji.
Hakone Tozan Tetsudo between Tonosawa and Ohiradai stations. You would be better to go to Hakone by train.
https://sp.jorudan.co.jp/leaf/spot_J0083.html
Here are some routes from Kawaguchiko to Kyoto.
1. There is a direct bus from Kawaguchiko to Takayama. However, you may check out a car at Kawaguchiko, run through Lake Motosuko and Hirayu to get to Takayama. You may drop at Shin-Hotaka on the way.
http://bus-en.fujikyu.co.jp/highway/detail/id/38Lake Motosuko is the most western one in Fuji five lakes.
https://sp.jorudan.co.jp/leaf/spot_104824.html
Hirayu Otaki is a waterfall near Hirayu Onsen.
https://sp.jorudan.co.jp/leaf/spot_104827.html
Shin-Hotaka Ropeway
https://sp.jorudan.co.jp/leaf/spot_55056.html
There is a direct bus from Gotemba to Kawaguchiko. But you may check out a car at Gotemba earlier.
http://bus-en.fujikyu.co.jp/route/detail/id/1/2. After Takayama, you may drive on Seseragi Road toward Gifu. Check in the car at Gifu-Hashima Shinkansen station.
Hida-Mino Seseragi Kaido is a road from Takayama to Gujo-Hachiaman.
https://sp.jorudan.co.jp/leaf/spot_55057.html
3. Or, you may take a route to Shirakawago. Take White Road to Kanazawa to check in the car there.
World Heritage Shirakawago
https://sp.jorudan.co.jp/leaf/spot_J0101.html
Hakusan Shirakawago WhiteRoad runs from Shirakawago to Kanazawa.
https://sp.jorudan.co.jp/leaf/spot_55034.html
4. Or, you may go to Shinano-Omachi from Kawaguchiko by train. Follow the Alpine Route to get to Toyama. No driving in this route.
Tateyama Kurobe Alpine Route / Tateyama Ropeway
https://sp.jorudan.co.jp/leaf/spot_J0194.html
Tateyama Bijodaira is at the lower west end of the Alpine Route.
https://sp.jorudan.co.jp/leaf/spot_55031.html
Shomyotaki is a 350-meter waterfall near Bijodaira.
https://sp.jorudan.co.jp/leaf/spot_J0180.html
I might spend a night at Hiroshima. I just prefer to get back to Osaka, rather than to Kyoto.