1. Name change.
Both of you need to go through own country authority for name changes.
FYI for Japanese, any name changes related to marriage can be done within 6 months easily, after that it
will involve visit/procedure to court.
2. CNI is not required as you already married/registered in Singapore. CNI is only need when you want to get married and register in Japan.
You will need marriage cert from Spore though for Spouse Visa application. Instead of reporting/registering your marriage in Japan, you can register/notify it at Japanese embassy in Spore.
3. Spouse visa -
2 ways of doing it, either COE or Change of Status way.
i. COE-Visa (You'll be separated from your wife)
Your wife need to apply for COE at immigration office in Japan.
Once approved, the COE will be send to you in Spore which then you need to bring COE, related
documents and application for Spouse visa at Japanese Embassy in Spore.
Once your visa approved, visa stamped on your passport, you can now enter Japan with stamped
visa passport & COE, and given resident card(zairyu card) which confirm your resident status as
Spouse of Japanese National.
ii. Change of Status (everything done in Japan, you get to stay with your wife)
You enter Japan as temporary visitor (Spore visa waiver?).
Have all relevant document ready, go to immigration and make application for Change of Status from
Temporary to Spouse of Japanese National. While your application being process you can stay with
your wife until the application decision is made.
https://www.sg.emb-japan.go.jp/itpr_en/visa_documents.html https://www.mofa.go.jp/j_info/visit/visa/long/visa10.html